top of page

Layer 1 / Couche 1

Core infrastructure layer where blockchains operate.

Beginner-friendly explanation  

Layer 1 refers to the main blockchain where transactions are validated and recorded. It’s the foundation of the network. Example: Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Solana are Layer 1 blockchains.

 Intermediate-level insight  

Layer 1 blockchains have their own consensus mechanisms (Proof of Work, Proof of Stake, etc.). They directly process transactions but can face limitations in speed or costs. Example: Ethereum experienced high fees during peak activity because its Layer 1 capacity was saturated.

 Advanced perspective

Layer 1 evolution focuses on optimizing scalability without sacrificing security or decentralization (the blockchain trilemma). Solutions like sharding or hybrid consensus aim to enhance native performance. Example: Ethereum 2.0 introduces sharding to multiply the processing capacity of its Layer 1.

Blockchain & Technology

layer 1, blockchain, foundation, consensus, scalability, blockchain trilemma, sharding

bottom of page